了解您所属行业的描述及其分类方式，在多方面都十分重要。首先，这能帮助您认识更广泛的市场领域，并了解您的企业与其他类似企业之间的关联。其次，它能让您取得有关行业的各类信息，包括基准指标数据（benchmarking data），以便将自身表现与行业平均水准及领先企业进行比较。第三，它能帮助您识别与产业相关的支援网络，例如产业团体及政府机构。

Knowing the description of your industry and how it is classified is important for many reasons. Firstly, it helps you to understand the wider market sector and how your business relates to other similar businesses. Secondly, it enables you to access information about your industry including benchmarking data, so you can compare your performance against the industry average and against industry leaders. Thirdly, it helps you to identify industry support networks relevant to your industry such as industry groups and government agencies.

理解行业分类 | Understanding industry classifications

行业分类 | Classification of industries

行业分类是一种用来整理企业相关资料的方式。它提供了一个标准化的框架，能将从事相似生产活动的企业单位归为同一类别，而每个类别即称为一个行业。

《澳大利亚及新西兰标准产业分类》（ANZSIC）为澳大利亚与纽西兰提供了一套依行业别进行经济数据的标准化收集、分析与发布的依据。采用 ANZSIC 有助于提升两国产业统计资料的一致性与可比性。

ANZSIC 被广泛应用于澳大利亚与新西兰各地的政府机构、行业组织与研究人员，用途涵盖行政管理、监管、税务及研究等多个领域。

An industrial classification is one way to organise data about businesses. It provides a standard framework under which business units carrying out similar productive activities can be grouped together, with each resultant group referred to as an industry.

The Australian and New Zealand Standard Industrial Classification (ANZSIC) provides a basis for the standardised collection, analysis and dissemination of economic data on an industry basis for Australia and New Zealand. Use of the ANZSIC results in improved comparability of industry statistics produced by the two countries.

The ANZSIC is widely used by government agencies, industry organisations and researchers for various administrative, regulatory, taxation and research purposes throughout Australia and New Zealand.

分类单位 | Unit of classification

企业可以以不同方式加以呈现，以满足特定统计及其他分析目的。统计机构在进行特定的企业资料收集与编制相关统计结果时，使用「单位」（unit）一词，作为代表企业的分析或统计单元。

归入行业分类所采用的企业单位类型是任何行业分类设计中的关键要素。针对特定分类单位所设计的行业分类，若应用于其他类型的企业单位，可能会显得不太合适，甚至完全不适用。

「分类单位」章节中说明了《澳大利亚及新西兰标准产业分类》在制定过程中所采用的分类单位。澳大利亚统计局（ABS）与纽西兰统计局（Statistics NZ）在编制官方统计资料时所使用的单位模型，分别列于附录一与附录二中，其中著重介绍用于行业统计的生产单位。

Businesses can be represented in various ways for particular statistical and other purposes. Statistical agencies use the term 'unit' to refer to the representation of businesses used for particular collections of data from businesses and for the production of particular statistical outputs relating to them.

The type of business unit to be classified to industry is a critical design element for any industrial classification. Industrial classifications designed for a particular unit of classification may be less suitable, or entirely unsuitable, for application to other types of business units.

The Unit of classification section describes the unit of classification used for the development of the ANZSIC. The unit models used by the ABS and Statistics NZ in the compilation of their official statistics are outlined in Appendices 1 and 2, with most emphasis on the producing units used for industry statistics.

《澳大利亚及纽西兰标准产业分类》的结构 | ANZSIC structure

《澳大利亚及纽西兰标准产业分类》（ANZSIC）采用阶层式架构，共有四个层级，分别为「大类」（Division，层级最广）、「中类」（Subdivision）、「小类」（Group）及「细类」（Class，层级最细）。

在大类层级，其主要目的在于提供有限数量的分类，以呈现整体经济的概况，并适用于官方统计中发布的概要性统计表。中类、小类与细类层级则对这些分类进行更细致的划分，以便编制更具体且详尽的统计资料。

《澳大利亚及纽西兰标准产业分类》的层级结构如下所示：

层级	范例
大类	C 制造业
中类	11 食品制造业
小类	111 肉类及肉制品制造业
细类	1111 肉品加工

2006 年版《澳大利亚及纽西兰标准产业分类》的概念架构采用了以「供给面」为基础的行业定义与分类方式。透过此方法，从事相似生产活动的企业单位会被归入同一类别。因此，属于同一行业的企业单位通常具有相似的「生产功能」，也就是指透过劳动与资本的投入，将中间产品转化为最终产出的过程。

The ANZSIC is a hierarchical classification with four levels, namely Divisions (the broadest level), Subdivisions, Groups and Classes (the finest level). At the Divisional level, the main purpose is to provide a limited number of categories which provide a broad overall picture of the economy and are suitable for the publication of summary tables in official statistics. The Subdivision, Group and Class levels provide increasingly detailed dissections of these categories for the compilation of more specific and detailed statistics.

The hierarchical structure of the ANZSIC is illustrated below:

Level	Example
Division	C Manufacturing
Subdivision	11 Food Product Manufacturing
Group	111 Meat and Meat Product Manufacturing
Class	1111 Meat Processing

The conceptual framework adopted for the development of ANZSIC 2006 uses supply-side based industry definitions and groupings. Using this approach, business units engaged in similar productive activities are grouped together. Units in an industry therefore exhibit similar production functions (a term used to describe the transformation of intermediate inputs, through the application of labour and capital, to produce outputs).

《澳大利亚及纽西兰标准产业分类》共划分为以下19个大类

The ANZSIC has 19 identified divisions as follows:

大类 Division	大类名称	Title
A	农业、林业与渔业	Agriculture, Forestry and Fishing
B	采矿业	Mining
C	制造业	Manufacturing
D	电力、天然气、水与废弃物管理业	Electricity, Gas, Water and Waste Services
E	建筑业	Construction
F	批发贸易	Wholesale Trade
G	零售贸易	Retail Trade
H	住宿与餐饮服务业	Accommodation and Food Services
I	运输、邮政与仓储业	Transport, Postal and Warehousing
J	信息媒体与电信业	Information Media and Telecommunications
K	金融与保险服务业	Financial and Insurance Services
L	租赁、雇用与房地产服务业	Rental, Hiring and Real Estate Services
M	专业、科学与技术服务业	Professional, Scientific and Technical Services
N	行政与支持服务业	Administrative and Support Services
O	公共行政与安全	Public Administration and Safety
P	教育与培训	Education and Training
Q	医疗保健与社会援助	Health Care and Social Assistance
R	艺术与休闲服务业	Arts and Recreation Services
S	其他服务业	Other Services

来源：澳大利亚统计局 | Source: Australian Bureau of Statistics